Age Structure and Carbon Emission with Climate-Extended STIRPAT Model-A Cross-Country Analysis

Most of the existing carbon emission studies based on IPAT framework considered size effect rather than structure population. However, it is proved with micro-data household evidence that demographic explains unexpected trends better. To complete framework, this study integrated effects STIRPAT model base life-cycle consumption theory as different age groups differ in behaviors. For further analysis frequent extreme weather events caused by global warming and their catastrophic human activities, also harmonized Köppen criteria theories Syukuro Manabe Klaus Hasselmann considers climate factors precipitation (PRE), annual degree-day (DD), temperature anomaly (TA) extended to investigate whether population aging trend provides room for or creates barriers reduction. NASA night-time light (NTL) data DMSP/OLS VIIRS/DNB adopted proxy density weight relevant from over 30,000 stations worldwide. The combined dataset 150 countries, period during 1970–2013. Panel Seemingly Unrelated Regression (SUR) method used solve problems cross-sectional correlation, non-stationarity, endogeneity since sample countries are closely linked meteorological system which make each disturbance term likely be contemporaneously correlated, under same agreement constraint. empirical results show had significant impacts emissions. general influence growth an inverted U shape younger group consumes less older group, offspring leave family when householder turns 50. EKC checked threshold per capita income emissions determine how many reached peak. This aggregated pattern aligned microlevel energy consumption. Another distinguished finding may generally lead increase heat electricity emissions, contrary what some models would predict. We explain uplifted tail “effect narrowed adaptation range” people getting vulnerable. It should noted becomes severe worldwide happen higher frequency, potential spending thus air conditioning will undoubtfully overgrow. One important improve building efficiency retrofitting old buildings’ insulations. Implementing new green standards reduction must not ignored. Evidence shows if insulation pre-1990s houses reconstructed modern materials, residential cooling heating can reduced about 20% every year. Overall, promoting efficient style capacity industrial sector, a way achieve sustainable growth.